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基于京东云ALB实现客户端源IP透传

一、部署nginx-ingress

1.1 环境准备

从github下载nginx-ingress controller最新的安装部署文件,并将部署文件解压缩到本地目录:

wget https://github.com/nginxinc/kubernetes-ingress/archive/v1.4.5.tar.gz
tar -zxvf v1.4.5.tar.gz
cd kubernetes-ingress-1.4.5/deployments

1.2 安装nginx-ingress controller

为nginx-ingress controller创建一个namespace和service account：

kubectl apply -f common/ns-and-sa.yaml

为NGINX默认Server配置TLS证书和key，并将TLS证书和key保存到secret中：

kubectl apply -f common/default-server-secret.yaml

说明: 建议使用合适的TLS证书和key替换default-server-secret.yaml文件中自签发的证书和key。

创建config map保存NGINX的自定义配置：

kubectl apply -f common/nginx-config.yaml

说明: 目前提供的config map中的data为空，您可以按需添加自定义配置。

为第1步中创建的service account配置RBAC：

kubectl apply -f rbac/rbac.yaml

为nginx-ingress controller创建NodePort类型的service:

# 修改Service Yaml文件

vim nginx-ingress-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress
  namespace: nginx-ingress
spec:
  externalTrafficPolicy: Cluster
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 80
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: http
  - name: https
    port: 443
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: https
  selector:
    app: nginx-ingress
  type: NodePort

说明: 目前spec中暂不支持使用externalTrafficPolicy: Local，请先删除Service Yaml文件中对应字段后，再部署Service

以Deployment的方式部署nginx-ingress controller:

# 修改deployment/nginx-ingress.yaml文件
cat deployment/nginx-ingress.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress
  namespace: nginx-ingress
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx-ingress
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx-ingress
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: nginx-ingress
      containers:
      - image: nginx/nginx-ingress:1.4.5
        name: nginx-ingress
        ports:
        - name: http
          containerPort: 80
        - name: https
          containerPort: 443
        env:
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        args:
          - -nginx-configmaps=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/nginx-config
          - -default-server-tls-secret=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/default-server-secret
          - -external-service=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/nginx-ingress
          - -v=3 # Enables extensive logging. Useful for trooublshooting.
         #- -report-ingress-status
         #- -enable-leader-election

# 部署nginx ingress
kubectl apply -f deployment/nginx-ingress.yaml

# 查看nginx-ingress是否部署成功
kubectl get deploy
NAME            DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-ingress   1         1         1            1           64m

查看部署结果:

1.3 自建ALB

1.3.1 创建ALB

部署说明:

必须与K8S集群同VPC
子网必须选择: k8s-xxx-nat-subnet-xxx
将集群工作节点组关联的AG手动添加到ALB服务组中，将外部请求转发到集群中；
集群工作节点组增加/删除后，请手动更新ALB服务组；

1.3.2 添加HTTP协议监听器

前端监听配置

后端转发配置

首先确认nginx-ingress service的NodePort:

创建后端转发:

添加后端健康检查

添加服务组

检查后端服务

备注：更多详情参考应用负载均衡帮助文档。

二、验证nginx-ingress

2.1 部署应用服务

cat nginx-demo.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-demo-svc
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 80
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 80
  selector:
    app: nginx-demo
  type: ClusterIP
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-demo-deployment
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx-demo
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx-demo
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginxdemos/hello:latest
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
        
kubectl create -f nginx-demo.yaml
service/nginx-demo-svc created
deployment.apps/nginx-demo-deployment created

kubectl describe svc nginx-demo-svc
Name:              nginx-demo-svc
Namespace:         nginx-ingress
Labels:            <none>
Annotations:       <none>
Selector:          app=nginx-demo
Type:              ClusterIP
IP:                172.16.57.227
Port:              <unset>  80/TCP
TargetPort:        80/TCP
Endpoints:         172.16.0.13:80,172.16.0.22:80,172.16.0.25:80
Session Affinity:  None
Events:            <none>

kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP            NODE                         NOMINATED NODE
nginx-demo-deployment-66b4db8457-jz862   1/1     Running   0          94s   172.16.0.25   k8s-node-vm9mkx-9ev36exmct   <none>
nginx-demo-deployment-66b4db8457-ndsww   1/1     Running   0          94s   172.16.0.13   k8s-node-vmw0tr-9ev36exmct   <none>
nginx-demo-deployment-66b4db8457-pwwgz   1/1     Running   0          94s   172.16.0.22   k8s-node-vmhrsr-9ev36exmct   <none>

2.2 配置ingress resource

cat ingress.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: myingress
  annotations:
    metadata.annotations.kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "nginx"     #指定Ingress Resource创建时使用的Ingress Controller，本例使用上述创建的Nginx Controller
spec:
  rules:
  - host: nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /nginx-demo
        backend:
          serviceName: nginx-demo-svc
          servicePort: 80

2.3 通过ALB+NginxIngress访问Service

进入ALB控制台，查询自建ALB绑定的公网IP，并在本地客户端添加DNS配置。

# 域名映射到的IP，请使用自建ALB绑定的公网IP替换

bash-3.2# echo "157.**.**.125  nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud" >> /etc/hosts
bash-3.2# ping -c 5 nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud
PING nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud (157.255.51.125): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 157.**.**.125: icmp_seq=0 ttl=47 time=39.891 ms
64 bytes from 157.**.**.125: icmp_seq=1 ttl=47 time=40.189 ms
64 bytes from 157.**.**.125: icmp_seq=2 ttl=47 time=40.066 ms

--- nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 39.727/40.446/42.359/0.969 ms
bash-3.2#

三、验证源IP透传

3.1 部署echoserver应用

Yaml文件说明如下：

cat echo-server.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  labels:
    app: echo-server
  name: echo-server-svc
  namespace: nginx-ingress
spec:
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 80
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 8080
  selector:
    app: echo-server
  type: ClusterIP
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: echo-server-deployment
  namespace: nginx-ingress
  labels:
    app: echo-server
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: echo-server
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: echo-server
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: mirrorgooglecontainers/echoserver:1.4
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        name: echocontainer
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
          protocol: TCP
      restartPolicy: Always

确认echoserver部署情况:

# 查看service状态
kubectl get pod -l "app=echo-server" -o wide
NAME                                      READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP            NODE                         NOMINATED NODE
echo-server-deployment-655f555cd4-9qxrv   1/1     Running   0          70s   172.16.0.45   k8s-node-vm9mkx-9ev36exmct   <none>

# 查看service详情
kubectl describe svc echo-server-svc
Name:              echo-server-svc
Namespace:         nginx-ingress
Labels:            app=echo-server
Annotations:       kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration:
                     {"apiVersion":"v1","kind":"Service","metadata":{"annotations":{},"labels":{"app":"echo-server"},"name":"echo-server-svc","namespace":"ngin...
Selector:          app=echo-server
Type:              ClusterIP
IP:                172.16.61.78
Port:              http  80/TCP
TargetPort:        8080/TCP
Endpoints:         172.16.0.45:8080
Session Affinity:  None
Events:            <none>

3.2 为echoserver配置Ingress

编辑myingress, 增加path关联新增加的echoserver服务:

kubectl get ing/myingress -o yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  annotations:
    kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |
      {"apiVersion":"extensions/v1beta1","kind":"Ingress","metadata":{"annotations":{"metadata.annotations.kubernetes.io/ingress.class":"nginx"},"name":"myingress","namespace":"nginx-ingress"},"spec":{"rules":[{"host":"nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud","http":{"paths":[{"backend":{"serviceName":"nginx-demo-svc","servicePort":80},"path":"/nginx-demo"}]}}]}}
    metadata.annotations.kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
  creationTimestamp: "2019-07-25T03:13:49Z"
  generation: 2
  name: myingress
  namespace: nginx-ingress
  resourceVersion: "286035"
  selfLink: /apis/extensions/v1beta1/namespaces/nginx-ingress/ingresses/myingress
  uid: 38a99206-ae8a-11e9-8dde-fa163ebfb4dc
spec:
  rules:
  - host: nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud
    http:
      paths:
      - backend:
          serviceName: nginx-demo-svc
          servicePort: 80
        path: /nginx-demo
      - backend:
          serviceName: echo-server-svc
          servicePort: 80
        path: /echo-server
status:
  loadBalancer: {}

保存Yaml文件后，Ingress将根据提交的Yaml文件内容被自动更新；

3.3 验证是否支持源IP透传

本例客户端公网IP使用14.ab.cd.240验证

[root@succ-test ~]# curl -H "Host: nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud"
http://157.**.**.125:80/echo-server
CLIENT VALUES:
client_address=172.16.0.21
command=GET
real path=/echo-server
query=nil
request_version=1.1
request_uri=http://nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud:8080/echo-server

SERVER VALUES:
server_version=nginx: 1.10.0 - lua: 10001

HEADERS RECEIVED:
accept=*/*
connection=close
host=nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud
user-agent=curl/7.29.0
x-forwarded-for=14.ab.cd.240, 172.16.32.4
x-forwarded-host=nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud
x-forwarded-port=80
x-forwarded-proto=http
x-real-ip=172.16.32.4
BODY:
-no body in request-

echoserver返回x-forwarded-for=14.ab.cd.240, 172.16.32.4, 第一个IP即为待验证的客户端公网IP.
结论: 为NginxIngress Controller, 自建七层ALB, 可以实现整条链路ClientIP透传.

四、Ingress升级为HTTPS

4.1 准备SSL证书和CA公钥

您可以使用京东云提供的SSL数字证书服务；
您也可以自建CA或SSL，详情参考自建CA证书和私钥；
如果您已经有CA证书和私钥，可跳过此步骤，进入4.2 创建负载均衡证书。

4.2 创建负载均衡证书

4.3 创建HTTPS listener

创建监听器, 协议为https, 并且选择合适的证书

选择已有的http后端

4.4 验证https协议ALB

验证浏览器访问

验证IP透传

[root@succ-test ~]# curl https://nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud:443/echo-server --cacert ca.pem
CLIENT VALUES:
client_address=172.16.0.21
command=GET
real path=/echo-server
query=nil
request_version=1.1
request_uri=http://nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud:8080/echo-server

SERVER VALUES:
server_version=nginx: 1.10.0 - lua: 10001

HEADERS RECEIVED:
accept=*/*
connection=close
host=nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud
user-agent=curl/7.29.0
x-forwarded-for=14.ab.cd.240, 172.16.32.3       #14.ab.cd.240即为被透传到后段服务的客户端IP
x-forwarded-host=nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud
x-forwarded-port=80
x-forwarded-proto=http
x-real-ip=172.16.32.3
BODY:
-no body in request-

五、关联LoadBalancer Service 的Ingress开启IP透传功能

5.1 创建Service

创建LoadBalancer类型的Service, 同时会在京东云平台上创建TCP类型的ALB.

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-auto
  namespace: nginx-ingress
spec:
  type: LoadBalancer
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 80
    protocol: TCP
    name: http
  - port: 443
    targetPort: 443
    protocol: TCP
    name: https
  selector:
    app: nginx-ingress

查询Service详情获取自动创建的ALB公网IP，本文以 117.ab.cd.209作为ALB IP，验证源IP透传

5.2 京东云控制台修改ALB支持源IP透传

由Service自动创建ALB的后端服务源IP透传功能是关闭的, 需要登录京东云控制台手动开启:

编辑负载均衡http后端服务

开启获取真实IP

备注：Service在Kubernetes集群中被重新编辑后，ALB中的配置会被自动刷新；您需要在京东云控制台再次手动开启ALB后段服务的源IP透传功能。

5.3 修改ingress的ConfigMap

编辑nginx-ingress/nginx-config ConfigMap 增加如下信息:

data:
  proxy-protocol: "True"
  real-ip-header: "proxy_protocol"
  set-real-ip-from: "${k8s-xxx-node-subnet-xxx cidr}"  # set-real-ip-from: 172.16.32.0/20

5.4 验证IP透传

本例客户端公网IP使用14.ab.cd.240验证

[root@succ-test ~]# curl -H "Host: nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud" http://117.48.227.209:80/echo-server
CLIENT VALUES:
client_address=172.16.0.21
command=GET
real path=/echo-server
query=nil
request_version=1.1
request_uri=http://nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud:8080/echo-server

SERVER VALUES:
server_version=nginx: 1.10.0 - lua: 10001

HEADERS RECEIVED:
accept=*/*
connection=close
host=nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud
user-agent=curl/7.29.0
x-forwarded-for=14.ab.cd.240
x-forwarded-host=nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud
x-forwarded-port=80
x-forwarded-proto=http
x-real-ip=14.119.106.240
BODY:
-no body in request-

echoserver返回的信息x-forwarded-for=14.ab.cd.240 与客户端IP相同, 说明客户端源IP已透传到后段；

5.5 ingress升级https

由Service自动创建ALB的后端服务源IP透传功能是关闭的, 需要登录京东云控制台手动开启:

编辑负载均衡https后端服务

开启获取真实IP

备注：Service在Kubernetes集群中被重新编辑后，ALB中的配置会被自动刷新；您需要在京东云控制台再次手动开启ALB后段服务的源IP透传功能。

5.5.1 准备SSL证书和CA公钥

您可以使用京东云提供的SSL数字证书服务；
您也可以自建CA或SSL，详情参考自建CA证书和私钥；
如果您已经有CA证书和私钥，可跳过此步骤，进入5.5.2 创建Secret资源。

5.5.2 创建Secret资源

根据用户申请的SSL证书创建secret.

kubectl create secret tls ingress-ssl-secret --cert web-server.pem --key web-server-key.pem

查看创建成功的secret

kubectl describe secret/ingress-ssl-secret
Name:         ingress-ssl-secret
Namespace:    nginx-ingress
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  <none>

Type:  kubernetes.io/tls

Data
====
tls.crt:  1448 bytes
tls.key:  1675 bytes

5.5.3 重新ingress资源增加tls字段

kubectl edit ingress myingress

kubectl get ingress myingress -o yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  annotations:
    kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |
      {"apiVersion":"extensions/v1beta1","kind":"Ingress","metadata":{"annotations":{"metadata.annotations.kubernetes.io/ingress.class":"nginx"},"name":"myingress","namespace":"nginx-ingress"},"spec":{"rules":[{"host":"nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud","http":{"paths":[{"backend":{"serviceName":"nginx-demo-svc","servicePort":80},"path":"/nginx-demo"}]}}]}}
    metadata.annotations.kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
  creationTimestamp: "2019-07-25T03:13:49Z"
  generation: 4
  name: myingress
  namespace: nginx-ingress
  resourceVersion: "309938"
  selfLink: /apis/extensions/v1beta1/namespaces/nginx-ingress/ingresses/myingress
  uid: 38a99206-ae8a-11e9-8dde-fa163ebfb4dc
spec:
  rules:
  - host: nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud
    http:
      paths:
      - backend:
          serviceName: nginx-demo-svc
          servicePort: 80
        path: /nginx-demo
      - backend:
          serviceName: echo-server-svc
          servicePort: 80
        path: /echo-server
  tls:
  - hosts:
    - nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud
    secretName: ingress-ssl-secret
status:
  loadBalancer: {}

5.5.4 浏览器访问验证

进入ALB控制台，查询自建ALB绑定的公网IP；
在本地服务器的/etc/hosts中增加DNS配置：IP为上一步操作中查询到的ALB绑定的公网IP，域名为ingress resource rule中配置的虚拟主机名：nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud；
在浏览器中输入nginx-ingress-test.jdcloud/echo-server即可验证输出结果。

备注：使用自定义CA证书时，浏览器会提示证书不备信任，您可以将自建CA的ca.pem文件导入到操作系统并设置永久信任。

更新时间：2019-08-13 19:49:52

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Kubernetes 集群

基于京东云ALB实现客户端源IP透传

一、部署nginx-ingress

1.1 环境准备

1.2 安装nginx-ingress controller

1.3 自建ALB

1.3.1 创建ALB

1.3.2 添加HTTP协议监听器

二、验证nginx-ingress

2.1 部署应用服务

2.2 配置ingress resource

2.3 通过ALB+NginxIngress访问Service

三、验证源IP透传

3.1 部署echoserver应用

3.2 为echoserver配置Ingress

3.3 验证是否支持源IP透传

四、Ingress升级为HTTPS

4.1 准备SSL证书和CA公钥

4.2 创建负载均衡证书

4.3 创建HTTPS listener

4.4 验证https协议ALB

验证浏览器访问

验证IP透传

五、关联LoadBalancer Service 的Ingress开启IP透传功能

5.1 创建Service

5.2 京东云控制台修改ALB支持源IP透传

5.3 修改ingress的ConfigMap

5.4 验证IP透传

5.5 ingress升级https

5.5.1 准备SSL证书和CA公钥

5.5.2 创建Secret资源

5.5.3 重新ingress资源增加tls字段

5.5.4 浏览器访问验证